假牛痘 Pseudo-Cowpox (Milkers’ Nodule)

Prepared by: Dr. Terry Hunt

Translated by Dr. Fu Xiaoping

病因/发病机理 Cause & Pathogenesis

副泡状病毒 Parapox virus

乳区、乳头的轻度感染 Mild infection of udder & teats

牛群传播慢 Slowly spreads throughout herd

发生于下一胎次 Will reoccur in subsequent lactations

通过设备、手、清洗液、昆虫传播

Spread from infected cows by equipment, hands, washing & insects

公众卫生：造成挤奶员手或指上红色/紫色发痒的结节

Public Health: Causes mild itchy purple/red nodules on hands and fingers of milker

危险因素 Risk Factors

仅仅新产牛最易感 Just freshened cows are most susceptible

临床症状 Clinical Findings

乳头/乳房上红小色丘疹，逐渐发展为水疱，最后结痂

Small red papules on teats and udder progressing to vesicles then scabs

马蹄形或圆环形痂 Horseshoe or circular ring of scabs

一般3周内治愈，但可持续数月Usually heal in 3 weeks but may persist for months

诊断 Diagnosis

特征性马蹄形或圆环形痂 Characteristic horseshoe or circular ring of scabs

鉴别诊断 Differential Diagnosis

牛创伤性乳头炎 Bovine ulcerative mammillitis

疣 Warts

外伤性损伤 Traumatic injury

牛痘—少见 Cowpox -rare

治疗 Treatment

挤奶前涂药膏 Ointment before milking

碘附浸泡奶头 Iodophors teat dip

预后情况 Prognosis

良好，乳腺炎发病率增加 Good although increased incidence of mastitis

预防 Prevention & Control

卫生 Hygiene

隔离发病牛 Segregate infected cows