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(1)基因工程的基本操作步骤主要包括四步:①目的基因的获取②基因表达载体的构建③将目的基因导入受体细胞?④目的基因的检测与鉴定.
(2)生物体的每一个细胞都含有该物种所特有的全套遗传物质,都有发育成完整个体所需要的全部基因,从理论上讲,生物体的每一个活细胞都应该具有全能性;在生物体内,细胞并没有表现出全能性,而是分化成为不同的组织和器官,这是基因在特定的时间和空间条件下选择性表达的结果.人的皮肤细胞含有胰岛素基因,但由于细胞的分化,皮肤细胞中的胰岛素基因未表达(或未转录),不能形成胰岛素mRNA.?
(3)过程②和③分别为逆转录和复制,因而需要逆转录酶和解旋酶.?
(4)一个A中共有a个碱基对,其中鸟嘌呤有b个,则其中的T为(2a-2b)/2,经过③④⑤过程连续复制4次,净产生15个DNA,故需要提供胸腺嘧啶至少15(a-b)个.
(5)在利用A和B获得C的过程中,必须用同一种限制性内切酶切割A和B,使它们产生相同的黏性末端,再加入DNA连接酶才可形成C.
(6)转基因生物会对生态系统稳定性和人类生活环境造成破坏,如①转基因植物打破自然物种的原有界限,可能破坏生态系统稳定性;②重组微生物产生的中间产物可能造成二次污染,③重组DNA与微生物杂交是否会产生有害病原微生物,④转基因植物花粉中的有毒蛋白可能通过食物链进入生物⑤转基因生物产品中的基因可能通过杂交进入自然界,改变物种生活习性,并可能对生物多样性带来不利影响
故答案为:(1)运载体(细菌质粒)
(2)不能虽然人皮肤细胞内含有胰岛素基因,但在皮肤细胞中该基因不表达,不能转录形成胰岛素mRNA
(3)逆转录解旋?(4)15(a-b)
(5)同一种限制性内切酶碱基互补配对DNA连接酶
(6)转基因生物产品中的基因可能通过杂交进入自然界,改变物种生活习性,并可能对生物多样性带来不利影响(合理即可)
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ny dinosaurs were human-sized or even smaller. Most major groups of dinosaurs are known to have built nests and laid eggs, suggesting an oviparity similar to that of modern birds.The term "dinosaur" was coined in 1842 by Sir Richard Owen and derives from Greek δειν (deinos) "terrible, powerful, wondrous" + σα?ρο? (sauros) "lizard". Through the first half of the 20th century, most of the scientific community believed dinosaurs to have been sluggish, unintelligent cold-blooded animals. Most research conducted since the 1970s, however, has supported what has since become the scientific consensus view: that dinosaurs were active animals with elevated metabolisms and numerous adaptations for social interaction.
Since the first dinosaur fossils were recognized in the early nineteenth century, mounted dinosaur skeletons have become major attractions at museums around the world. Dinosaurs have become a part of world culture and remain consistently popular. They have been featured in best-selling books and films such as Jurassic Park, and new discoveries are regularly covered by the media. As a result,